Are you feeling the weight of the high cost of living, limited access to healthcare, or rising insecurity in the US?

You’re not alone.

Following the 2024 election results, I have seen a massive spike in people coming to my blog searching for answers to How to move to Spain from the US.

If you wonder if Spain could be your next chapter, this guide is the perfect starting point.

I will be brutally honest and paint a real picture of what to expect when moving to Spain, so you can make an informed decision and navigate your transition smoothly.

Can a U.S. Citizen Just Move to Spain? - What You Need to Know First

Not really. Initially, you can stay in Spain for up to 90 days within a 180-day period without a visa. However, to stay longer, securing a visa and residency permit is a must.

Whilst moving to Spain from the U.S. can feel like chasing a dream, it’s essential to be fully prepared for the reality of the process. U.S. citizens must navigate complex residency requirements.

This process may involve more paperwork than you’d expect—be ready for a true test of patience.

Spain's Residency Pathways - How to Get Started

Spain provides several residency pathways for U.S. citizens. Popular options include the non-lucrative visa, ideal for retirees or those with independent income (but prohibits working), and the Golden Visa for significant investors.

A student visa is one of the most straightforward options for moving to Spain for over 180 days.

Most visas require applications at a Spanish consulate in the U.S., and once approved, you’ll have to complete more steps upon arrival.

The process can feel endless, so prepare yourself mentally and logistically for delays and multiple rounds of documentation.

The Essential NIE and TIE Process - Your Guide to Spain’s Identification Cards

The NIE (Numero de Identidad de Extranjero) and TIE (Tarjeta de Identidad de Extranjero) are essential for navigating life in Spain.

I recall spending weeks trying to get my NIE sorted—I kept being sent to different places and getting mixed information.

Without your NIE/TIE, life is in limbo; renting an apartment, opening a bank account, or even getting a phone plan becomes nearly impossible.

To obtain your NIE (or Foreigner Identification Number) in Spain, you will need to follow specific procedures set by the authorities. This includes submitting the necessary documentation, such as:

• Completed application form;

• Proof of residence or reason for application;

• Payment of the corresponding fee.

It is advisable to start this process as soon as possible to avoid delays in legal matters or bureaucratic procedures during your stay in Spain.

The TIE, which is the foreigner identity card, serves as an identification document and allows you to legally reside in Spain.

To apply for your TIE, you will need to gather the necessary documentation, such as a valid passport, proof of residence, and a completed application form.

The True Cost of Living in Spain - Budgeting Tips and Realities

Before moving to Spain, I, like many others, was charmed by the seemingly affordable cost of living compared to major U.S. cities. However, if you end up earning a local salary, you may quickly find that it’s not as comfortable as expected.

Barcelona, where I live, has one of the highest cost-of-living-to-salary ratios in Spain. Despite a relatively lower cost of dining out and transportation, rent and utilities eat up a significant portion of most people’s earnings.

One option to explore is to work for international companies based in Spain as they might offer higher salaries.

Now let’s talk about accommodation, which I believe after finding a job is one of the biggest considerations when moving to Spain.

As I write this article, we are in the early stages of what is expected to be a long recession. In the last couple of months, the cost of rent in Barcelona where I currently live has been rising like crazy.

Although it’s worth mentioning that regardless of the recession and higher cost of living, renting in Barcelona has become less affordable over the past couple of years.

Below are some ballpark prices to rent in and outside of Barcelona. 

• 1-bedroom apartment in the city center: 1,200 €

• 1-bedroom apartment outside of the city center: 980 €

• 2-bedroom apartment in the city center: 1,831.58 €

• 2-bedroom apartment outside of the city center: 1,500.82 €

Navigating the Spanish Housing Market - What to Expect When Renting or Buying

Have you heard of the housing crisis in Spain?

It’s no joke.

Major cities like Barcelona and Madrid face intense challenges, with young people struggling to move out of their parent’s homes and locals being priced out of their neighborhoods.

This makes the competition for housing extremely fierce.

When I began my search for a rental in Barcelona, it was difficult to even secure a viewing. On the rare occasions I did, the apartments were often packed with potential tenants. I remember visiting a small, overpriced flat in Poble Sec with more than a dozen other hopeful renters in one day.

While renovated apartments are available, they often come at a premium or push you to the outskirts of the city.

In the end, I found a solution by moving to an area just outside of Barcelona. There, I was able to rent a newly built apartment at a more reasonable price.

This compromise gave me a balance of affordability and comfort that I couldn’t find in the city center, but I know this is not a compromise everyone is willing to make.

You need to pick your battles as they say …

Visa Options for Americans - Finding the Best Fit for Your Situation

Visa options for U.S. citizens in Spain range widely. The non-lucrative visa, while popular for retirees, can feel restrictive due to its work prohibition.

The Golden Visa offers more flexibility but requires a significant financial commitment, such as investing €500,000 in property.

Here are some other possibilities:

• Work Visa: If you have secured employment in Spain, your employer will likely initiate the work visa application process on your behalf.

• Non-Lucrative Visa (Retirement Visa): This visa is ideal for retirees with a sufficient income source, such as a pension or investment returns.

• The Spanish Digital Nomad Visa: This visa enables remote workers to stay in Spain for up to a year, allowing them to work flexibly from any location while enjoying the country's offerings.

Once you've chosen your visa type, assemble the required documents. They typically include:

• Valid US passport with at least 6 months remaining validity beyond your intended stay.

• Completed visa application form.

• Proof of sufficient financial means (bank statements, income tax returns).

• Private health insurance policy covering your entire stay in Spain (more on this later!).

• Criminal background check certificate.

• Depending on your visa type, additional documents may be required.

IMPORTANT NOTE: Documents must be translated to Spanish by a certified/sworn translator aka traductor jurado/a.

What needs to be translated for a visa in Spain?

For all Spanish visas, you typically need to translate financial documents, proof of private health insurance, and any other supporting documents, such as medical certificates.

Tackling Bureaucracy - Tips for Managing Spanish Paperwork Like a Pro

Spain’s infamous bureaucracy can be one of the biggest challenges for newcomers. If it wasn’t for my Spanish boyfriend supporting me with the paperwork, I think I would have ended up going crazy.

I’ve spent countless hours standing in queues, repeatedly photocopying documents, and waiting weeks for appointments.

To manage this chaos, I highly recommend hiring a gestor—a professional who helps navigate paperwork. This is very common in Spain, most people also use them to fill out their taxes at the end of the fiscal year, and it is usually not too expensive.

Their expertise can save you time and sanity.

Adapting to Life in Spain - Embracing Culture, Language, and Lifestyle

Adjusting to life in Spain requires an open mind and a willingness to adapt. One of my early lessons was distinguishing between Castellano (Spanish) and Catalan—essential in regions like Catalonia.

Although in big cities many people speak English, dealing with government offices or local businesses will require some basic level of Spanish.

The culture is welcoming, but it’s the little customs, like the late dinners and long siestas, that truly shape your day-to-day experience.

Healthcare in Spain for U.S. Expats - The Good, the Bad, and What to Watch Out For

Before you can benefit from the public system, you’ll need to register for an empadronamiento (proof of residence).

Even with a health card, navigating which local clinic you’re assigned to can be tricky. During my first experience giving birth in Spain, I dealt with a number of setbacks with public healthcare system e.g. last-minute cancelations, countless strikes, no flexible appointment time, etc.

While public healthcare is comprehensive, private insurance can be invaluable for more immediate or specialized care.

Access to the Spanish public healthcare system is typically limited to Spanish citizens, with high out-of-pocket expenses for expats. Therefore, United States citizens considering relocating to Spain should prioritize obtaining a comprehensive private health insurance plan.

Choosing the Right Insurance in Spain for US Citizens

Selecting the most suitable health insurance can feel overwhelming. Here's a breakdown of some reputable providers recognized for their exceptional coverage and value in Spain:

1. DKV

Boasting extensive coverage, a broad network of medical professionals, and additional benefits (like visa compliance and no out-of-pocket costs), DKV aims to offer a comprehensive and secure healthcare experience for expats.

2. ASISA

This provider is known for its competitive rates and offers coverage comparable to Spain's public system. They cater to various residency periods with flexible plans and multilingual support for hassle-free communication. Additionally, their global coverage ensures protection beyond Spanish borders.

3. ASSSA

Standing out with the industry's highest age limit for coverage (79 years old), they are known for competitive offerings, excellent service, and personalized support in your native language. They even assist with obtaining and adapting visa documents to meet changing requirements.

4. FEATHER

This provider is ideal for expats seeking affordable and English-friendly health insurance for obtaining visas or temporary residency permits. Their plan encompasses legal requirements and essential medical coverage, including doctor visits, medications, and ambulance services.

When making your decision, don’t forget to consider your specific healthcare needs and financial situation.

For more information on essential details to keep in mind when choosing your health insurance in Spain, click here.

Unique Considerations for US Citizens Moving to Spain

US citizens planning to travel to Spain need to be aware of some unique considerations, particularly in relation to the ETIAS travel authorisation.

The ETIAS (European Travel Information and Authorization System) is a new requirement for US citizens and other visa-exempt nationals travelling to Europe, including Spain.

As part of the Visa Waiver Program, US citizens can visit countries within the Schengen Area for up to 90 days without a visa.

However, with the implementation of ETIAS, American tourists will now need to complete an online application process before their trip.

It is important for US citizens planning to stay in Spain or any other Schengen country to understand and comply with the entry requirements set forth by the ETIAS system.

This additional step aims to enhance security measures while streamlining the travel process for visitors from visa-exempt countries like the United States.

The Pros and Cons of Living in Spain - An Honest Perspective for Future Expats

Spain offers undeniable advantages, from a slower-paced lifestyle and breathtaking landscapes to universal healthcare. However, it’s not without its downsides.

The cost of living, particularly in cities like Barcelona and Madrid, can feel disproportionate to local salaries.

Bureaucracy is persistent and often illogical, testing your patience at every step. And while the weather and culture are wonderful, you may find the paperwork and economic realities weigh heavily.

For those who crave efficiency and financial comfort, Spain may not be the ideal long-term choice.

But if you seek a more relaxed lifestyle, good quality of life, good food, and a slower pace it’s an enriching place to call home.

Final Tips and Recommendations - Preparing for Your Spanish Adventure

If you’re determined to make the move, be prepared with a comprehensive plan for visas, finances, and housing.

Build a network through expat communities to share tips and get support.

Lastly, embrace the unpredictability with an open mind and a good sense of humor.

Spain is full of charm, but it’s a charm best enjoyed when you’re ready for the occasional frustration.

Is Spain moving to Spain still an option after reading this? If so, I am here to help you make it happen!

How I Can Help Make Your Transition Seamless

Whether it’s understanding the visa process, preparing the necessary documentation, or simply navigating life in a new country, having the right support makes all the difference. That’s where our specialized services come in.

Introducing Coming to Spain Tailored Immigration Services

Our goal is to provide a stress-free transition by offering comprehensive, client-focused support that simplifies your move to Spain.

Here’s what sets our services apart and how we can help you every step of the way:

Ready to Get Started? Schedule Your Free Consultation

To help you get started on your journey, we’re offering a 15-minute complimentary consultation with our team of immigration experts. This call will provide you with tailored advice and outline how our services can simplify your move.

Don’t wait to make your dream of living in Spain a reality.

Schedule your free 15-minute call today and take the first step toward a smooth, successful transition!

FAQs: Moving to Spain from the US

How long can a US citizen or an American stay in Spain?

US citizens or Americans can stay in Spain for up to 90 days within 180 days without a visa. This falls under the visa waiver program for short stays in the Schengen Area countries, including Spain. If you wish to stay longer or for other purposes, you may need to apply for a visa or permit.

Can an American or US citizen work in Spain?

Yes, Americans or US citizens can work in Spain, but they will need to obtain the necessary work permit and visa to do so legally. The type of visa required will depend on the nature and duration of the work to be carried out in Spain. It is advisable to check with the Spanish consulate or embassy for specific requirements and procedures for obtaining a work permit.